A vaccine doesn't fight a pathogen — it exploits a timing gap in how the adaptive immune system learns. A tour of antigen presentation, the germinal center's iterative affinity-maturation loop, why five very different vaccine platforms all converge on the same endpoint, why the mRNA platform is architecturally different from everything before it, and the honest reason some vaccines need boosters and others don't.
Memory-B-Cells
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How Vaccines Train the Immune System