Why wall-clock time lies in distributed systems, Lamport timestamps and vector clocks, happens-before and causal ordering, the trouble with NTP and the appeal of TrueTime and hybrid logical clocks, and conflict-free replicated data types (CRDTs) for merge-without-coordination — with practical uses in collaborative editing, offline-first apps, and geo-distributed state.
Clocks
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Time, Order, and CRDTs: Coordinating Without a Clock