Queueing theory gives engineers a rigorous foundation for capacity planning. Little's Law, the M/M/1 utilization-latency formula, and the hockey-stick curve explain why latency degrades catastrophically near saturation — and exactly where to set thresholds for thread pools, connection pools, and HPA.
Capacity-Planning
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Queueing Theory for Capacity Planning: Why Latency Explodes at 80% -
Capacity Planning for Engineers: Forecasting Growth, Load Testing, and Avoiding Surprise Scaling Events A comprehensive guide to capacity planning—covering demand forecasting, bottleneck identification, load testing with k6, headroom targets, Kubernetes autoscaling, and building the muscle to never be surprised by traffic growth again.